A synthetic process has been developed to allow researchers to study a key molecule involved in diabetes, inflammation and human aging.
The new Yale University process synthesizes glucosepane, which is considered a critical chemical link in both diabetes and aging. It is also an independent risk factor for long-term microvascular complications in diabetes.
In the study, senior author David Spiegel and his colleagues describe the new synthesis, as well as a new synthetic methodology, which may have applications beyond the current research.
Glucosepane forms in all human beings during the aging process, and also forms during various diseases, including diabetes, said Spiegel, adding that it is unknown what role glucosepane might play in aging and in these diseases, but several hypotheses have been proposed.
Spiegel noted that with access to synthetic glucosepane, they will now be able to generate tools to examine the role this molecule plays in human health and also, perhaps, develop molecules to inhibit or reverse its formation.
Until now, it has been difficult to study glucosepane effectively. There is a scarcity of chemically homogeneous glucosepane available for scientists to examine -- due to its unusual structure and properties -- and researchers have been forced to rely on time-consuming extraction protocols to obtain usable material.
Glucosepane contains a rare isomer of imidazole, which has never before been observed in natural molecules, other than those in the glucosepane family. Spiegel and his colleagues developed a new methodology for synthesizing this imidazole form. The process requires only eight steps.
The study is published in the journal Science.
