Improving Health Indicators In India

The country has demonstrated reduction in key health indicators such as Infant Mortality Rate, Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), Under 5 Mortality Rate. Further, the annual average pace of decline in MMR (for the period 1990 to 2013) was much faster in India (4.5%) as compared to global rate (2.6%).

Additionally, mortality due to various diseases has reduced too. For instance, the Global Burden of Disease (2015) reports a decrease in mortality (between the years 2005 and 2015) on account of lower respiratory infections (by 22.6%), diarrhoeal diseases (by 31.7%), tuberculosis (by 30.7%), neonatal preterm birth (by 39.5%), neonatal encephalopathy (by 31%) and road injuries (by 2.7%).

 

As per the Global Burden of Disease report for India, the deaths due to self-harm for the period 2005 to 2015 have declined by 3.9%. The Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) National Health Mission (NHM), has two sub-missions, viz. the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). While NRHM was launched in April 2005, launch of NUHM was approved by the Cabinet on 1st May 2013. NHM envisages achievement of universal access to equitable, affordable & quality healthcare services that are accountable and responsive to people's needs. The main programmatic components include Health System strengthening in rural and urban areas, Reproductive-Maternal-Neonatal-Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) interventions and control of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases. Under NHM, support is provided to the States/UTs to strengthen their health care system based on the requirements posed by them under Programme Implementation Plans. Funds allocated, released and expenditure incurred State/UT wise are given below:

National Health Mission

Statement showing States/UTs wise Allocation, Release and Expenditure during 2013-14 to 2015-16 (Rs in crore)

Sl. No. States 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16Allocation Release Expenditure Allocation Release Expenditure Allocation Release Expenditure1

Andaman & Nicobar Islands

23.83 29.06 29.12 28.22 23.36 24.33 28.21 37.30 11.472

Andhra Pradesh

1184.24 878.73 1044.81 707.15 519.73 902.91 616.23 643.52 1090.173

Arunachal Pradesh

86.31 78.60 92.03 185.65 139.41 69.50 160.01 162.65 146.274

Assam

1214.83 1077.81 956.89 1095.38 877.13 915.88 941.29 971.35 1186.015

Bihar

1487.65 1110.32 1480.68 1292.13 1148.32 1427.40 1108.61 1159.49 1621.676

Chandigarh

18.53 11.46 14.42 19.40 12.15 15.26 14.24 23.89 20.987

Chattisgarh

500.72 355.98 805.50 555.66 500.41 716.04 479.38 412.26 758.288

Dadra & Nagar Haveli

8.73 9.23 9.83 13.99 8.40 8.56 11.37 14.37 15.549

Daman & Diu

6.48 6.50 8.40 9.69 6.91 7.67 9.11 10.53 15.6910

Delhi

211.46 129.78 132.59 192.59 154.04 222.64 142.81 163.80 137.2911

Goa

27.12 19.35 30.58 27.63 26.03 29.50 19.41 16.77 24.9212

Gujarat

833.94 833.72 977.48 858.47 832.86 873.66 677.65 693.78 1272.4213

Haryana

313.57 315.94 423.79 317.42 273.60 438.18 249.33 291.96 493.2314

Himachal Pradesh

225.95 205.29 158.60 232.00 185.84 306.92 197.92 246.49 281.2615

Jammu & Kashmir

433.87 395.10 391.10 435.17 335.51 393.29 368.00 367.90 420.9416

Jharkhand

582.97 396.38 521.49 563.92 359.62 372.01 493.37 411.50 590.1817

Karnataka

814.17 611.11 812.56 834.09 697.24 858.18 706.09 740.45 1141.6118

Kerala

424.15 360.98 673.07 373.58 521.99 509.83 305.87 304.14 632.8819

Lakshadweep

3.61 3.20 2.28 5.89 5.08 1.36 4.28 5.69 2.7220

Madhya Pradesh

1141.03 865.94 1583.60 1250.17 1162.50 1738.02 1085.37 1132.19 2046.6021

Maharashtra

1520.71 1218.51 1806.86 1536.58 1431.76 1834.40 1282.31 1085.92 1734.4422

Manipur

127.75 88.93 74.57 144.97 128.81 86.91 118.53 112.16 105.5123

Meghalaya

139.24 125.51 71.53 160.21 104.13 70.72 131.00 102.22 133.5524

Mizoram

86.20 77.43 91.89 116.53 103.28 93.29 97.87 94.68 172.3825

Nagaland

114.42 99.73 90.40 131.26 114.92 63.04 108.75 104.85 81.0526

Odisha

678.99 604.20 901.65 730.09 667.16 944.10 624.71 652.62 1205.7727

Puducherry

21.29 18.10 25.43 25.46 22.56 23.35 17.77 18.61 21.7728

Punjab

362.38 333.47 437.57 351.89 379.35 460.59 284.75 295.23 649.4929

Rajasthan

1091.20 922.93 1457.06 1238.11 1115.96 1722.69 1069.38 1287.84 1799.1130

Sikkim

42.32 45.91 44.82 51.42 51.60 41.36 45.86 41.01 50.7131

Tamil Nadu

1020.75 906.24 1430.28 968.18 952.75 2248.06 794.38 1093.22 1633.3732

Tripura

165.43 140.15 101.93 161.75 123.11 130.15 139.08 136.29 118.7733

Uttar Pradesh

3584.98 3024.60 2924.38 2650.25 2431.06 3671.26 2299.49 2862.83 4451.7834

Uttarakhand

310.55 245.25 255.28 308.10 270.55 324.42 256.60 276.41 335.9535

West Bengal

1179.64 948.51 1271.71 1053.27 1058.62 1196.78 883.49 959.51 1487.6236

Telangana

0.00 0.00 0.00 506.45 378.72 334.68 440.58 436.63 505.551. Allocation is as per Original outlay/Budget Estimates
2. Expenditure includes expenditure against central Release, state release & unspent balances at the beginning of the year and it is updated as per FMR submitted by the States/UTs.

To meet the shortfall of human resource in health, the government is implementing a Centrally Sponsored Scheme for "establishment of new medical colleges by upgrading district/referral hospitals" with fund sharing between the Central Government and States in the ratio of 90:10 for North Eastern /special category states and 60:40 for other states. This scheme was approved in January, 2014. Criteria for identification of Districts under the scheme are i)District Hospitals/referral hospital with bed strength of 200 or more ii)District/Referral hospitals of the districts where there is no medical college iii) Preference to underserved areas. Funds released to the State Governments for the approved districts under the scheme are given below:

Funds released under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Establishment of New Medical Colleges attached with existing District/Referral hospitals during last three years
(Rs. in crore)

S. No.

States/UT

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 till date1

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

0 28 202

Arunachal Pradesh

0 42.5 103

Assam

0 30 194

Bihar

0 8 345

Chhattisgarh

14 39.02 836

Himachal Pradesh

12.53 67.98 1147

Jharkhand

0 0 488

Jammu & Kashmir

0 0 489

Madhya Pradesh

14 24 8110

Maharashtra

6 7 5511

Mizoram

0 30 1012

Nagaland

0 36.5 1013

Odisha

35 85 5014

Rajasthan

41 89.2 8815

Uttar Pradesh

0 16 7816

Uttarakhand

6 8 1817

West Bengal

0 20 79

Upgradation of existing State Government/Central Government medical colleges to increase MBBS seats in the country:- This scheme was approved in January, 2014. The funding pattern is 90:10 by Central and State Governments respectively for North Eastern States and Special category States and 60:40 for other States with the upper ceiling cost pegged at Rs.1.20 crore per seat. 22 Medical Colleges have been approved under the scheme to increase UG seats. Funds released under this scheme are given below:

Funds released under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for "Up-gradation of existing State Government/Central Government medical colleges to increase MBBS seats in the Country" during the last three years

(Rs. in crore)

S. No.

States/UT

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 till date1

Andhra Pradesh

0 6 10.22

Gujarat

0 4.5 11.563

Madhya Pradesh

0 12 27.484

Odisha

0 5 125

Punjab

0 4 6.86

Rajasthan

0 7 15.47

Tamil Nadu

0 9.5 23.168

Uttarakhand

0 2 3.4

Strengthening and upgradation of State Government Medical colleges for starting new PG disciplines and increasing PG seats:- The scheme was launched in the XI Plan period with the objective to strengthen and upgrade State/Central Government Medical Colleges to create new PG seats. The funding pattern between Centre and States is in the ratio of 60:40. A total of 72 Government Medical colleges are covered under the scheme for increasing PG seats. Funds released under the scheme are given below:

Funds Released under the scheme for "Strengthening and up-gradation of State Government Medical Colleges for starting new PG disciplines and increasing PG seats" during the last three years ( Rs in crore)

S. No.

State/UT

2013-14 2014-15 2016-17 Till date1

Assam

0 0 32

Andhra Pradesh

0 0 3

Bihar

0 0 4

Chandigarh

0 0 5

Chhattisgarh

0 0 6

Goa

0 0 7

Gujarat

0 0 8

Himachal Pradesh

0 0 9

Jammu & Kashmir

0 0 10

Jharkhand

0 0 11

Kerala

0 0 12

Madhya Pradesh

0 5 1.9413

Maharashtra

0 0 14

Odisha

0 0 3.0611

Punjab

30.92 0 16

Rajasthan

0 0 17

Telangana

0 0 218

Tripura

0 0 19

Uttarakhand

0 5 20

Uttar Pradesh

0 0 21

West Bengal

0 0

Note: There was no release in 2015-16

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), a centrally sponsored health insurance scheme is being implemented by this Ministry which covers BPL families (a unit of five) and other categories namely Building & Other Construction Workers, licensed Railway porters, Street Vendors, MGNREGA workers (who have worked for more than fifteen days during preceding financial year), Beedi workers, Domestic workers, Sanitation Workers, Mine Workers, Rickshaw pullers, Rag pickers and Auto/Taxi drivers, who are enrolled under RSBY. They are entitled for health insurance coverage of Rs.30,000/- cashless per annum per family. Under RSBY there is no state/UT-wise allocation of funds. Central Government releases its share of premium to State Governments on the receipt of their proposals. The State/UT-wise details of the funds released to State Governments during last three years are given below:

Central share of Premium released to State Governments under RSBY during last three years (Amount in Crore)

Sr. No.

Name of State/UT

2013-14 2014-15 2015-161

Arunachal Pradesh

- - -2

Assam

35.68 1.06 23.243

Bihar

152.71 34.07 -4

Chandigarh

0.00 - -5

Chhattisgarh

48.34 58.81 88.776

Delhi

- - -7

Goa

- - -8

Gujarat

60.59 18.47 74.249

Haryana

13.01 5.38 4.6710

Himachal Pradesh

9.03 3.75 13.9011

Jammu & Kashmir

0.53 - -12

Jharkhand

51.25 5.51 -13

Karnataka

31.59 - 94.9914

Kerala

115.49 110.43 112.3715

Madhya Pradesh

2.82 8.21 1.0016

Maharashtra

13.88 - -17

Manipur

2.52 1.73 1.1718

Meghalaya

1.79 1.25 4.1019

Mizoram

4.31 10.35 9.4320

Nagaland

2.07 4.66 -21

Odisha

70.51 93.64 59.5522

Puducherry

- - 0.1723

Punjab

5.58 2.59 2.8024

Rajasthan

10.72 32.10 53.5725

Tamil Nadu

- - -26

Tripura

18.70 14.29 15.6427

Uttar Pradesh

72.56 36.47 11.9128

Uttarakhand

1.78 - 10.2029

West Bengal

160.45 101.65 93.38

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