At the inauguration of the Aero India 2023 exposition in Bengaluru on Monday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi endorsed Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s repeated calls for Aatmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) — an India that meets its own requirements of arms and defence equipment without relying on the “original equipment manufacturers” (OEMs) that dominate the global military landscape. In a series of policy assertions over the last eight years, the Modi government has set out ambitious targets that would lead to self-sufficiency and to transforming India into one of the world’s largest defence-manufacturing countries. The targets include expanding annual defence production to