Markets: Financial markets are tiring of the Federal Reserve’s love offerings. The US central bank has long been able to soothe nervous investors with rate cuts or newly-printed money. But, markets spurned Wednesday’s announcement of the Twist, an operation to lengthen the maturity of $400 billion of the Fed’s $1.7-trillion US Treasury.
Stock markets fell sharply and the price of bonds, from governments still considered safe, rose. Investors were right not to be impressed. The Twist is aimed primarily at the US housing market. But, even if the Fed’s rearrangement lowers mortgage costs, house prices will be held back by a weak economy and the massive oversupply leftover from the bubble years.
Tight monetary policy has long ceased to stand in the way of economic growth. Official real interest rates are solidly negative almost everywhere. The Twist could even impede lending – and growth – by narrowing the gap between short- and long-term rates. Banks, after all, gain from a steep yield curve.
Central banks could try to regain investors’ favour with yet more monetary love. The Bank of England dropped some not-so-subtle hints on September 21 about another round of quantitative easing. There are calls in the United States for QE3. But, no amount of money — whether from fiscal transfers, QE3 or QE33 — can force banks to lend or consumers to borrow and spend.
More money will not push up the prices of financial assets which investors deem too risky. The Asian market rout is caused in part by fund managers trying to get ahead of an expected wave of redemptions from cross-border investors. But, while the gains from monetary stimulus are small, the potential harm is significant. The Fed and its peers are creating piles of money which would be put in and taken out of different assets in disruptive quantities and dizzying speeds.
In the current economic environment, the twists and turns of monetary policy will not reduce unemployment or rebalance trade. It would be better for all the world if central banks stopped trying.
