A giant Chinese-chartered freighter is to nudge its way through the Panama Canal today to mark the completion of nearly a decade of expansion work forecast to boost global trade.
The vessel, especially renamed COSCO Shipping Panama, will inaugurate the widened canal in an hours-long voyage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean via a new shipping lane and gigantic locks that have been fitted to the century-old waterway.
"It is a historic day for the country," Panamanian President Juan Carlos Varela said yesterday.
Several heads of state and foreign dignitaries have been invited to a ceremony marking the occasion.
The United States -- which built the original canal opened in 1914 that is still in operation alongside the additions -- will be represented by the wife of US Vice President Jose Biden, Jill Biden, and the US ambassador to Panama.
The United States and China are the two most frequent canal users. Its expansion is expected to greatly benefit commercial traffic between North America and Asia.
Varela said the ability of the expanded canal "to serve world trade is the most important thing."
The expansion work carried out since 2007 -- and delivered two years late at a cost of at least $5.5 billion -- allows a new generation of much larger ships, known as Neopanamax class vessels, to ply the canal.
Neopanamax freighters can carry up to three times the cargo of older and smaller Panamax ships. Cruise ships built to the same dimensions typically double the number of passengers of the previous iteration.
The expansion will also allow Panama to lure massive LNG (liquified natural gas) tankers for the first time.
They represent a lucrative segment of the shipping market whose importance has grown with the development of US exports of natural gas from shale, most of which head to Japan and South Korea.
Varela said the first LNG vessel is scheduled to cross the canal next month. He predicts that many more would follow.
Panama's plan behind the expansion is to triple the $1 billion in revenues it currently gets from canal shipping fees.
That goal might still be a decade or more away, however, according to officials from the Panama Canal Authority, the autonomous government agency that runs the waterway.
With the Spanish- and Italian-led consortium that built the expansion demanding hundreds of millions of dollars in overruns, Panama might have been overly ambitious regarding its return on investment.
"Everybody is always overly optimistic," said Peter Shaerf, deputy chairman of Seaspan Corporation, a container ship group with a fleet of 100 vessels, more than half of which are Neopanamaxes.
But regardless of the cost, he told AFP, the augmented canal was "wonderful" and "will have a huge impact on trade.
