Negotiators from more than 190 countries, including India, today began reviewing a draft text to agree on a new ambitious and binding deal to cut global carbon emissions, in their last chance to reach on a historic deal to be signed next year in Paris.
The draft text from Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) is unlikely to be materialised until tomorrow.
The Workstream 1 of ADP is negotiating the Paris 2015 agreement to take effect in 2020.
The Workstream 2 of ADP is negotiating the pre-2020, where India and other developing countries will argue for increased ambitions from developed countries on financial commitments and emissions reductions.
There are two complementary streams to the Lima talks in addition to ADP, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI).
SBSTA and SBI texts are expected to be made public later tomorrow.
The big discussion in those streams now will be regarding "loss and damages."
The element is crucial to countries which can no longer be helped by adaptation mechanisms like small island states and least developed countries.
The debate will continue on whether "loss and damages" will be a unique element in the Paris 2015 agreement alongside adaptation and mitigation.
Negotiations have been ongoing for 20 years, as the UN continues to bring its member countries together to help curb the damaging effects of coal burning and gasoline use, among other sources of pollution.
The Lima conference needs to provide final clarity on what the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) need to contain, including for developing countries who are likely to have a range of options from, for example, sector-wide emission curbs to energy intensity goals.
