France's far-right National Front (FN) is widely predicted to take a step towards gaining control of at least one region for the first time, as polls opened today three weeks after terror attacks in Paris left 130 people dead.
Around 44 million people are eligible to vote, with France under tight security and in a state of emergency following the country's worst-ever terror attacks, which have thrust the FN's anti-immigration and often Islamophobic message to the fore.
First projections are expected at 1900 GMT with FN leader Marine Le Pen on course to top the poll in the economically- depressed Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie region in the north, once a bastion of the left.
Her 25-year-old niece Marion Marechal-Le Pen seems to be heading for an equally strong score in the vast southeastern Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region that includes beaches thronged by sun-seekers in the summer.
Opinion polls give the FN between 27 per cent and 30 per cent of the vote in the first round, a similar score to the centre-right Republicans led by former president Nicolas Sarkozy.
President Francois Hollande, who will cast his vote this morning in Evry, to the south of Paris, has seen his personal ratings surge as a result of his hardline approach since the Paris attacks.
However his Socialist party has not enjoyed a similar boost, and is languishing at around 22 per cent of the vote.
The FN is also expected to compete for power in the eastern Alsace-Champagne-Ardennes-Lorraine region that borders Belgium and Germany, according to polls by Ipsos and Odoxa.
Analysts predicted the FN could take all three regions in the second round on December 13 - if traditional parties refuse to join forces against them.
Victory would not only put the party at the head of a regional government for the first time, but would also give Marine Le Pen a springboard for her presidential bid in 2017.
She has made much in her campaign of the so-called Jungle migrant camp in Calais, where thousands of people have been camped for months trying to reach Britain and northern Europe.
With the FN also locked in a close race for Burgundy and Franche-Comte in the east, leading politicians on the left and right appealed to their supporters to go out and vote today to head off a historic FN win.
