Mamata Banerjee faces development challenges in her second stint as CM

Allegations of corruption dented image of her party and opposition made it a prime issue during elections

Trinamool Congress Chief Mamata Banerjee, who has virtually single-handedly steered her party to a resounding victory in West Bengal, has shored up her stature as a regional satrap but faces numerous challenges on the development front in her second stint as chief minister.

The 61-year-old leader, fondly called 'didi' by her supporters, proved that she was not just a tough street fighter but a master strategist, as she successfully overcame the challenge posed by the Left-Congress combine and BJP despite a shrill campaign against her.

A firebrand orator, she had formed the Trinamool Congress in 1998 after falling out with the Congress Party in West Bengal.
 

She coined the slogan, "Ma, Mati o Manush" (Mother, Land and People), before the 2014 Lok Sabha polls and played on the anti-incumbency factor after more than three decades of Left rule and the creeping disillusionment among several sections, like Muslims, to root out the Left in partnership with the Congress in 2011.

Known for her humble lifestyle, Banerjee successfully sold a vision of development, cashing in on the deep resentment among the middle classes and unemployed youths, promising jobs and development.

But with West Bengal facing huge debt burden, Banerjee faces an uphill to steer the state's economy on the growth path and create an atmosphere to attract investments and spur industrial growth.

Her nondescript residence--a single-storey house in a dingy lane close to the Kalighat temple-and equally simple attire comprising cotton saris, 'jhola' bags and cheap hawai chappals, has endeared her to the masses.

A seven-time MP, Banerjee who took over as the chief minister in 2011 winning by-poll from Bhabanipur, steered Trinamool Congress through victory in subsequent elections to panchayat, civic bodies and 2014 Lok Sabha.

She launched various development initiatives in the state but also faced criticism over Saradha chit fund and Narada scams.

Among various development schemes undertaken by her as the chief minister were 'Kanyashree' schemes for girls and 'Sabuj Sathi' under which cycles were distributed among the students, besides Rs 2 per kg rice for the 8 crore people in the state.

However, allegations of corruption dented the image of her party and the opposition made it a prime issue.

Born in a middle class family and daughter of a freedom fighter, Banerjee was a student of law and education. In her initial years in public life, she was mentored by veteran Congress leader Subrata Mukherjee - now ironically a senior minister in her state cabinet.

It has not been an easy journey for Banerjee who turned her call for 'Parivartan' (change) in 2011 into a reality with Congress, her ally then, throwing its full weight behind her.

Banerjee, baptized into politics as a student leader in Chhatra Parishad - Congress' student wing in the 1970s, shot into limelight by pulling off a stunning victory over CPI(M) heavyweight and former Lok Sabha speaker Somnath Chatterjee in the 1984 Lok Sabha elections from Jadavpur constituency to become one of the youngest MPs.

She soon became a rallying point for the anti-Left Front forces which saw in her an uncompromising, incorruptible and credible fighter in comparison to other leaders of state Congress of nineties.

After parting ways, Banerjee had often dubbed Congress as the 'B' team of CPI(M).

Perfecting the art of the impossible, she first hogged the limelight by blocking Jayaprakash Narayan's convoy by throwing herself on the ground when he came to Kolkata to organise the masses against Indira Gandhi before Emergency.

Defeated in 1989, she was back in Lok Sabha in 1991 from Kolkata South and retained the seat in 1996, 1998,1999, 2004 and 2009.

Banerjee's first tryst with the corridors of power came in 1991 when she became Union minister of state for human resources development, youth affairs and sports and women and child development in the P V Narasimha Rao government.

Later on after forming TMC, Banerjee aligned with the Atal Bihari Vajpayee-led NDA government and became Railway Minister in 1999 and later Union Minister for Coal and Mines.

Banerjee resigned as Railway Minister and left NDA just ahead of the 2001 assembly polls in Bengal after the Tehelka scam and allied with Congress for the Assembly elections but could not dethrone the Marxist party.

In 2004 Lok Sabha election, Banerjee was the only one from TMC to win.

In 2006 asembly polls in Bengal, her party managed to win just 30 seats in the 294-member assembly.

But Banerjee sprung back after leading the protest against farmland acquisitions in Singur and Nandigram which finally catapulted her to the seat of power in the state.