The Kremlin has replaced Russia's space chief following a series of launch failures that dented the nation's prestige.
Deputy Defense Minister Oleg Ostapenko was named today to replace Vladimir Popovkin as the head of the federal space agency Roscosmos.
Popovkin had long pledged to improve manufacturing standards and quality checks, but he has struggled to deliver.
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Observers say post-Soviet Russia's space programme has been hampered by a brain drain and a steady erosion of engineering and quality standards.