Russia said today it has met the nuclear arsenal limits of a key arms control treaty but has some issues regarding US compliance.
The Russian Foreign Ministry also has scathingly criticized a US nuclear review, saying it could lower the threshold of using nuclear weapons.
The New START treaty signed in 2010 restricts the US and Russia each to 1,550 deployed strategic nuclear warheads on a maximum of 700 deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles and strategic bombers. The deadline to verify both countries' compliance was today.
The Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement that it now has 527 deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles and strategic bombers and 1,444 strategic nuclear warheads. The US said it has been in compliance with the limits since August.
While acknowledging the US statement on meeting the treaty caps, the Russian Foreign Ministry voiced concern about the US reconfiguring some submarines and bombers to carry conventional weapons. It said Russia can't confirm the reconfigured hardware has been rendered incapable of carrying nuclear weapons.
The ministry added that the US also "arbitrarily converted" some missile launch facilities designated for training purposes, a use it said wasn't envisaged by the treaty.
"The Russian federation confirms its adherence to the New START Treaty while insisting that the United States continues a constructive search for mutually acceptable solutions to the matters concerning reconfiguration and the removal of strategic arms from the total count as well as any other issues that may arise between the parties under the Treaty," it said.
Russia-US ties have remained tense over the Ukrainian conflict, the Syria war and allegations of Moscow's meddling in the 2016 US presidential election.
On Friday, the Trump administration declared it will continue much of the Obama administration's nuclear weapons policy, but take a more aggressive stance toward Russia. It said Russia must be convinced it would face "unacceptably dire costs" if it were to threaten even a limited nuclear attack in Europe.
The Pentagon-led review of the US nuclear arsenal and the policies that govern it that was released Friday reflected the administration's view that Russian policies and actions are fraught with potential for miscalculation leading to an uncontrolled escalation of conflict in Europe.
It specifically pointed to a Russian doctrine known as "escalate to de-escalate," in which Moscow would use or threaten to use smaller-yield nuclear weapons in a limited, conventional conflict in Europe in the belief that doing so would compel the US and NATO to back down.
The report known as the nuclear posture review said the US would modify "a small number" of existing long-range ballistic missiles carried by Trident strategic submarines to fit them with smaller-yield nuclear warheads.
And, "in the longer term," the administration would develop a nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile, re- establishing a weapon that existed during the Cold War but was retired in 2011 by the Obama administration.
Russia slammed the US report, saying that it was founded on false assumptions about Moscow's intentions and contained worrying modernization plans.
"Readiness to use nuclear weapons to prevent Russia from using its nuclear arsenal, expressed in the new Nuclear Posture Review, amounts to putting in question our right to defend ourselves against an aggression that threatens the country's survival," the Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement released over the weekend.
"We would like to hope that Washington is aware of the high level of danger when such doctrinal provisions move to the level of practical military planning."
The ministry argued that while the Russian military doctrine envisages the use of nuclear weapons to deter an aggression that threatens "the very existence of our state," Washington has taken a no-limits approach, under which it might use nuclear weapons in "extreme circumstances," which aren't limited to military scenarios.
"Moreover, even military scenarios are presented so ambiguously that it seems like the U.S. planners may view practically any use of military capability as a reason for delivering a nuclear strike against anyone they consider an 'aggressor,'" it said.
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