A first-of-its-kind mind-controlled robotic limb that mimics natural motions of a natural arm and can allow users to perform complex tasks such as cooking food and brushing hair has been approved in the US.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has allowed marketing of the DEKA Arm System - the first prosthetic arm that can perform multiple, simultaneous powered movements controlled by electrical signals from electromyogram (EMG) electrodes.
EMG electrodes detect electrical activity caused by the contraction of muscles close to where the prosthesis is attached, FDA said.
The electrodes send the electrical signals to a computer processor in the prosthesis that translates them to a specific movement or movements.
The EMG electrodes in the system convert electrical signals into up to 10 powered movements, and it is the same shape and weight as an adult arm.
In addition to the EMG electrodes, the system contains a combination of mechanisms including switches, movement sensors, and force sensors that cause the prosthesis to move.
"This innovative prosthesis provides a new option for people with certain kinds of arm amputations," said Christy Foreman, director of the Office of Device Evaluation at the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health.
"The DEKA Arm System may allow some people to perform more complex tasks than they can with current prostheses in a way that more closely resembles the natural motion of the arm," said Foreman.
The FDA reviewed clinical information relating to the device, including a 4-site Department of Veterans Affairs study in which 36 system study participants provided data on how the arm performed in common household and self-care tasks.
The study found that approximately 90 per cent of participants were able to perform activities with the system that they were not able to perform with their current prosthesis, such as using keys and locks, preparing food, feeding oneself, using zippers, and brushing and combing hair.
The DEKA Arm System can be configured for people with limb loss occurring at the shoulder joint, mid-upper arm, or mid-lower arm. It cannot be configured for limb loss at the elbow or wrist joint.
Data reviewed by the FDA also included testing of software and electrical and battery systems, mitigations to prevent or stop unintended movements of the arm and hand mechanisms, durability testing (such as ability to withstand exposure to common environmental factors such as dust and light rain), and impact testing.
