In a first, Japanese scientists have used a computer programme and a touch screen device to encourage a paralysed chimpanzee to walk again, showing that euthanasia need not be the only option for animals injured in captivity.
Researchers of the Primate Research Institute at Kyoto University in Japan use chimpanzees' interaction with computers and touch screens to study the cognition and perception of these primates.
When Reo, a male chimpanzee, was paralysed from the neck down, dedicated staff put this technology to further use by encouraging the animal to walk again.
This is the first case in which a paralysed chimpanzee has been rehabilitated through such a dedicated programme.
When Reo was 24 years old in 2006, he suddenly became paralysed when a portion of his spinal cord became inflamed. For the first ten months thereafter, the chimpanzee was severely disabled, lying on his back.
He gradually recovered enough to sit up, and could later pull himself upright by using suspended ropes.
Intensive physiotherapy over a period of 41 months followed, after which he was able to climb about again using only his arms.
To aid Reo's ultimate integration back among the other twelve animals held at the institute, his carers decided to try to get him walking again.
They incorporate a computerised task in this process. This was considered an option because in his youth Reo had learnt how to perform cognitive tasks on a touch panel, and in doing so had become used to receiving food rewards whenever he succeeded at tasks presented to him.
A computer-controlled monitor was therefore placed on one wall, and cognitive tasks were again put to him.
It was not plain sailing at first, and the research team had to adapt their ideas seven times before they received any cooperation from a somewhat fearful Reo.
Thereafter, whenever he completed a task successfully, a food reward was placed on a tray on the opposite side of the room. This meant that Reo had to move at least two meters to reach it.
To busy himself at the screen again to start a new task, he had to make the two meter return journey.
At first he did so using a rope for assistance, but gradually he started travelling in an upright seated position which resembled the side-to-side manner of a penguin walking on land.
The rehabilitation sessions encouraged him to increase his movements considerably, and he started walking up to five hundred meters in a two-hour session.
"Cognitive tasks may be a useful way to rehabilitate physically disabled chimpanzees, and thus improve their welfare in captivity," said Yoko Sakuraba of Kyoto University, adding that euthanasia need not be the only option for animals injured in captivity.
The research was published in the journal Primates.
