A senior US official on Thursday urged Southeast Asian nations meeting this weekend in Bangkok to put up a stiffer resistance to China's militarisation of the disputed South China Sea waters.
At the same time, David Stilwell, the US assistant secretary of state for East Asia and the Pacific, sought to downplay Beijing's concerns over the U.S. involvement in the region.
He told a forum in Malaysia that the concept of a free and open Indo-Pacific region was not a move to expand U.S. domination but reflected Washington's "enduring engagement" to make the area prosperous.
China's smaller neighbors including Vietnam, the Philippines and Malaysia contest Beijing's claims of ownership of almost all of the strategically important South China Sea. Beijing has asserted its claim by building seven man-made islands and equipping them with military runways, missile defense systems and outposts.
Stilwell, who is en route to Bangkok for regional summits with the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations, said the grouping should have resisted moves to militarize the South China Sea.
"This is your turf, this is your place. Vietnam has done a good job of pushing back. I would think that regarding ASEAN centrality ... (the grouping) would join Vietnam to resist actions that are destabilizing and effecting security," he said.
Stilwell acknowledged the bloc doesn't want to have to take sides between the two superpowers.
"I ask my ASEAN counterparts what their alternate plan was in this world where we like not to have to choose. I think the U.S. has done a great job in standing up at great political cost to ourselves," he added.
The South China Sea territorial row is expected to again be a source of friction at the meetings in Bangkok this weekend. ASEAN has been unable to forge a strong stance on the issue due to objection from China's allies such as Cambodia.
The White House announced earlier that U.S. national security adviser Robert C. O'Brien and Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross will represent President Donald Trump at the two regional summits. Such a move is likely to be viewed in Southeast Asia as sign of a lack of engagement in the region at a time when China's influence and investments are quickly growing.
Stilwell said a code of conduct being negotiated between China and ASEAN to govern the disputed seas should comply with the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea to protect countries' economic interests and ensure "orderly movement in the use of the oceans." Even though the U.S. has not ratified the law, he said "we do comply and we enforce it." Stilwell said that "without security, you can't have trade" and prosperity is impossible. But the U.S. "has never and never will seek domination" in the region, he added.
"There has to be a security element. Nobody is better suited to it than the U.S. mostly because we include others in that security apparatus in terms of allies and partners. The fact that they are like-minded is reinforcing and tells us that we are doing something right," he said.
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