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US stocks jumped more than 1% on Tuesday, led by energy shares as oil prices extended their recent rally, while higher-than-expected January car sales also bolstered the advance.
Merger activity also helped, with shares of Office Depot jumping 21.6% to $9.28 after the Wall Street Journal reported the retailer was in advanced talks to merge with Staples Inc. Staples shares gained 10.9% to $19.01.
The S&P 500 has gained 2.8% over two sessions as the bounceback in oil prices and hopes of a Greek debt deal eased some concerns about the global economy, but the index has been locked in a trading range of 1,972 to 2,093 since mid-December and is nearly flat since December 31.
The year so far has been marked by volatility, with the S&P 500's daily trading range often more than double its average over the past year.
US crude oil prices rose 7% to settle at $53.05. Brent and US oil prices have risen roughly 19% since Wednesday's close. The S&P 500 energy index climbed 2.8%.
Shares of Dow components Exxon Mobil were up 3% at $92.25 and Chevron added 3.3% at $109.53. Machinery maker Caterpillar rose 3.8% to $83.92, among the Dow's biggest boosters.
"You've had some of those who had been extremely bearish start to take off their bearish bets when it felt like you may have gotten to a short-term bottom in oil," said Michael James, managing director of equity trading at Wedbush Securities in Los Angeles.
"Some of the trader pressure on the commodity itself has abated somewhat. With that, you've had more of an equity risk-on mentality."
The Dow Jones industrial average rose 305.36 points, or 1.76%, to 17,666.4, the S&P 500 gained 29.18 points, or 1.44%, to 2,050.03 and the Nasdaq Composite added 51.05 points, or 1.09%, to 4,727.74.
January car sales topped expectations, buoyed by low gas prices and easy credit. Ford Motor gained 2.5% to $15.65, General Motors rose 2.6% to $33.98 and Fiat Chrysler climbed 3.3% to $13.95.
After the bell, shares of Chipotle Mexican Grill fell 5.9% to $684 while shares of Walt Disney rose 3.1% to $96.97, both following results.
Even as S&P 500 profit growth estimates for the fourth quarter have risen as more companies report, expectations for first-quarter results have tumbled. First-quarter earnings are now expected to fall 1.2% from a year ago, Thomson Reuters data showed.
About 8.4 billion shares changed hands on US exchanges, above the 7.7 billion average for the last five sessions, according to BATS Global Markets.
NYSE advancers outnumbered decliners 2,478 to 615, a 4.03-to-1 ratio; on the Nasdaq, 2,029 issues rose and 753 fell, a 2.69-to-1 ratio.
The S&P 500 posted 19 new 52-week highs and no new lows; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 65 new highs and 34 new lows.
